Na farko, surfactant
Ana amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan surfactant guda uku masu zuwa:
1. Anionic surfactant
1) Sodium alkyl Benzene sulfonate (LAS)
Siffofin: Kyakkyawan biodegradability na layin layi na LAS;
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani dashi azaman babban kayan aikin wanke foda.
2) Fatty barasa polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES)
Siffofin: mai narkewa cikin ruwa, ƙazanta mai kyau da kumfa, haɗe tare da lalatawar LAS da inganci.
Aikace-aikace: Babban bangaren shamfu, ruwan wanka, cutlery LS.
3) alkane sulfonate (SAS)
Siffofin: tasirin kumfa da wanki mai kama da LAS, ingantaccen ruwa mai narkewa.
Aikace-aikace: A cikin nau'ikan ruwa kawai, kamar ruwa mai wanke kayan wanka na gida.
4) Fatty barasa sulfate (FAS)
Siffofin: Kyakkyawan juriya mai ƙarfi na ruwa, amma juriya na hydrolysis mara kyau;
Aikace-aikacen: galibi ana amfani dashi don shirya kayan wanka na ruwa, kayan wanka na tebur, shamfu daban-daban, goge goge, kayan aikin yadi da kayan tsaftacewa da emulsifying polymerization a masana'antar sinadarai. Za a iya amfani da FAS foda don shirya wakili mai tsaftace foda da kuma maganin ƙora.
5) α-olefin sulfonate (AOS)
Fasaloli: Ayyuka mai kama da LAS. Yana da ƙasa da fushi ga fata kuma yana raguwa a cikin sauri.
Aikace-aikace: An fi amfani dashi don shirya kayan wanke ruwa da kayan kwalliya.
6) Fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate (MES)
Halaye: kyakkyawan aiki mai kyau, rarrabuwar sabulun calcium, wankewa da hanawa, mai kyau biodegradability, ƙananan guba, amma rashin juriya na alkaline.
Aikace-aikace: yafi amfani dashi azaman mai rarraba sabulun calcium don toshe sabulu da foda.
7) Fatty barasa polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate (AEC)
Siffofin: ruwa mai narkewa, juriya mai wuyar ruwa, rarrabuwar sabulun calcium, wettability, kumfa, lalata, ƙananan hangula, m ga fata da idanu;
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da shi a cikin shamfu daban-daban, kumfa wanka da samfuran kariya na sirri.
8) Gishiri na Acylsarcosine (Medicine)
Siffofin: mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, kumfa mai kyau da tsaftacewa, mai tsayayya ga ruwa mai wuya, mai laushi ga fata;
Aikace-aikacen: ana amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen man goge baki, shamfu, ruwan wanka da sauran samfuran kulawa na sirri, ma'aunin haskeKayan shafawa LS,Abun wanke gilashin, Kayan wanke kafet da kuma kayan wanka mai kyau.
9) Oleyl polypeptide (Remibang A)
Halayen: sabulun calcium yana da ikon watsawa mai kyau, barga a cikin ruwa mai wuya da bayani na alkaline, maganin acidic yana da sauƙi don lalata, sauƙi don shayar da danshi, rashin ƙarfi mai rauni, ƙananan fushi ga fata;
Aikace-aikacen: ana amfani dashi don shirye-shiryen masana'antu daban-dabanDetergent LS.
Wakilin wanki _ wakili na wanka
2. Non-ionic surfactants
1) Fatty barasa polyoxyethylene ether (AEO)
Features: Babban kwanciyar hankali, mai kyau ruwa mai narkewa, juriya na electrolyte, sauƙi biodegradation, ƙananan kumfa, ba kula da ruwa mai wuya ba, ƙananan zafin jiki na wankewa, dacewa mai kyau tare da sauran surfactants;
Aikace-aikacen: Ya dace da haɗa ƙananan kumfa ruwa don wanke ruwa.
2) Alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (APE)
Features: solubilizing, wuya ruwa juriya, descaling, mai kyau wanka sakamako.
Aikace-aikace: ana amfani dashi don shirye-shiryen ruwa da foda daban-daban.
3) Fatty acid alkanolamide
Siffofin: juriya mai ƙarfi na hydrolytic, tare da kumfa mai ƙarfi da tasiri mai ƙarfi, ikon wankewa mai kyau, ikon solubilizing, wetting, antistatic, laushi da sakamako mai kauri.
Aikace-aikacen: ana amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen shamfu, ruwan wanka, ruwan wanka na gida, kayan wanka na masana'antu, mai hana tsatsa, kayan taimako na yadi, da sauransu.
4) Alkyl glycosides (APG)
Features: low surface tashin hankali, mai kyau decontamination, mai kyau karfinsu, synergistic, mai kyau kumfa, mai kyau solubility, alkali da electrolyte juriya, mai kyau thickening ikon, mai kyau jituwa tare da fata, muhimmanci inganta m dabara, ba mai guba, ba m, sauki biodegradation. .
Aikace-aikace: Ana iya amfani da shi azaman babban albarkatun masana'antar sinadarai na yau da kullun kamar shamfu, gel ɗin shawa, tsabtace fuska, wankan wanki, ruwa mai wanke hannu, ruwa mai wanki, kayan lambu da wakili mai tsaftacewa. Hakanan ana amfani dashi a cikin foda na sabulu, phosphorus - kayan wankewa kyauta, phosphorus - detergent kyauta da sauran kayan wanka na roba.
5) Fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylation kayayyakin (MEE)
Siffofin: ƙananan farashi, saurin ruwa mai narkewa, ƙananan kumfa, ƙananan fushi ga fata, ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, mai kyau biodegradation, babu gurbatawa.
Aikace-aikacen: ana amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen kayan wanke ruwa, kayan wankewa mai wuya, kayan wanke sirri, da dai sauransu.
6) Tea saponin
Siffofin: ƙarfin lalata mai ƙarfi, analgesia anti-mai kumburi, mai kyau biodegradation, babu gurbatawa.
Aikace-aikace: ana amfani dashi a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan wankewa da shamfu
7) Rasa sorbitol fatty acid ester (Span) ko rasa sorbitol polyoxyethylene ester ester (Tween):
Siffofin: ba mai guba ba, ƙananan haushi.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da shi don shirya kayan wanka
8) Oxide tertiary amines (OA, OB)
Features: Kyakkyawan kumfa mai kyau, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau na kumfa, bactericidal da hujjar mildew, ƙananan fushi ga fata, rashin lafiyar gabaɗaya, haɓaka mai kyau da daidaitawa.
Aikace-aikace: ana amfani da shi don shirya kayan wanka na ruwa kamar shamfu, ruwan wanka da kayan wanka.
3. Amphoteric surfactant
1) Imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Siffofin: ikon wankewa mai kyau, juriya na electrolyte, kwanciyar hankali na acid-tushe, antistatic da laushi, aiki mai laushi, mara guba, ƙananan haushi ga fata.
Aikace-aikace: ana amfani da shi don shirye-shiryen kayan wanki, shamfu, ruwan wanka, da dai sauransu.
2) Zobe-bude imidazoline amphoteric surfactant:
Features: m, high blister.
Aikace-aikace: ana amfani dashi a cikin shirye-shiryen kayan kulawa na sirri, masu tsabtace gida, da dai sauransu.
Biyu, wankin addittu
1. Matsayin abubuwan ƙari na wanka
Ingantaccen aikin saman; Ruwa mai laushi mai laushi; Inganta aikin kumfa; Rage haushin fata; Inganta bayyanar samfur.
An raba mataimakan wanki zuwa inorganic and Organic auxiliaries.
2. Inorganic Additives
1) Phosphate
phosphates da aka saba amfani da su sune trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4), sodium tripolyphosphate (Na5P3O10), da tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (K4P2O7).
Babban aikin sodium tripolyphosphate: ao, don haka ruwa mai wuya a cikin ruwa mai laushi; Yana iya tarwatsa, emulsify da narkar da barbashi inorganic ko droplets mai. Kula da maganin ruwa ya zama alkaline mai rauni (pH 9.7); A wanke foda ba sauki sha danshi da agglomerate.
2) Sodium siliki
Wanda aka fi sani da: sodium silicate ko paohua alkali;
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta: Na2O·nSiO2 · xH2O;
Sashi: yawanci 5% ~ 10%.
Babban aikin sodium silicate: juriya na lalata na karfe; Zai iya hana datti don ajiya akan masana'anta;Detergent LS
Ƙara ƙarfin wankin foda don hana caking.
3) Sodium sulfate
Hakanan aka sani da Mirabilite (Na2SO4)
Bayyanar: farin crystal ko foda;
Babban aikin sodium sulfate: filler, abun ciki na wanke foda shine 20% ~ 45%, zai iya rage farashin wanke foda; Yana da taimako don mannewa na surfactant a kan masana'anta; Rage m micele maida hankali na surfactant.
4) Sodium carbonate
Wanda aka fi sani da: soda ko soda, Na2CO3;
Bayyanar: farin foda ko crystal lafiya barbashi
Abũbuwan amfãni: na iya yin saponification datti, da kuma kula da wani nau'i na pH na maganin wankewa, taimakawa wajen lalata, yana da tasirin ruwa mai laushi;
Rashin amfani: alkaline mai ƙarfi, amma mai ƙarfi don cire mai;
Manufa: Low sa foda wanki.
5) zeolite
Har ila yau, aka sani da sieve kwayoyin, shine gishirin silicon aluminum crystalline, kuma Ca2 + ikon musanya yana da ƙarfi, kuma sodium tripolyphosphate shared, na iya inganta tasirin wankewa.
6) Bleach
Mafi yawa hypochlorite da peroxate nau'i biyu, ciki har da: sodium hypochlorite, sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate da sauransu.
Aiki: bleaching da gurɓatar sinadarai.
Sau da yawa a cikin samar da kayan wanke foda bayan tsarin batching, adadin foda gabaɗaya ya kai 10% ~ 30% na inganci.
7) Alkali
2. Organic Additives
1) Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (anti-deposition wakili)
Bayyanar: fari ko madara fari fibrous foda ko barbashi, mai sauƙin watsawa cikin ruwa cikin bayani na gelatin m.
Ayyukan CMC: yana da aikin kauri, watsawa, emulsifying, dakatarwa, daidaita kumfa da ɗaukar datti.
2) Wakilin fari mai walƙiya (FB)
Kayan da aka rini yana da tasiri mai kama da fluorite, don haka kayan da ido ya gani yana da fari sosai, ya fi launi mai launi, yana inganta bayyanar kyan gani. Matsakaicin shine 0.1% ~ 0.3%.
3) enzyme
Enzymes na kasuwanci sune: protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase.
4) Kumfa stabilizer da kumfa regulator
Babban abin wanke kumfa: kumfa stabilizer
Lauryl diethanolamine da man kwakwa diethanolamine.
Low kumfa wanka: kumfa regulator
Dodecanoic acid sabulu ko siloxane
5) asali
Turare sun ƙunshi ƙamshi daban-daban kuma suna da dacewa mai kyau tare da abubuwan wanke-wanke. Suna da ƙarfi a cikin pH9 ~ 11. Ingancin ainihin abin da aka ƙara zuwa wanki shine gabaɗaya ƙasa da 1%.
6) hadin kai
Ethanol, urea, polyethylene glycol, toluene sulfonate, da dai sauransu.
Duk wani abu da zai iya raunana haɗin kai na soluble da ƙwanƙwasa, ƙara sha'awar solute da sauran ƙarfi kuma ba shi da lahani ga aikin wankewa kuma mai arha ana iya amfani da shi azaman haɗin gwiwa.
7) kaushi
(1) Man Pine: haifuwa
Alcohols, ethers da lipids: hada ruwa tare da sauran ƙarfi
Maganin chlorinated: mai guba, ana amfani dashi a cikin masu tsaftacewa na musamman, wakili mai bushewa.
8) Bacteriostatic wakili
Bacteriostatic wakili ne gaba ɗaya ƙara zuwa ingancin 'yan dubu, kamar: tribromosalicylate aniline, trichloroacyl aniline ko hexachlorobenzene, ba su da antibacterial sakamako, amma a cikin 'yan dubu na taro juzu'i iya hana haifuwa na kwayoyin.
9) Antistatic wakili da masana'anta softener
Tare da taushi da antistatic cationic surfactants: dimethyl ammonium chloride dimethyl octyl ammonium bromide distearate, high carbon alkyl pyridine gishiri, high carbon alkyl imidazoline gishiri;
Tare da taushi maras ionic surfactants: high carbon barasa polyoxyethylene ethers da amine oxide tare da dogon carbon sarkar.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-20-2022